Frailty assessment has come to stay: Retrospective analysis pilot study of two frailty scales in oncological older patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer is a disease of the elderly and its main treatment is surgery. Frailty, a clinical syndrome of decreased reserve, increases with age and has been recognized as a predictive factor for postoperative mortality. Our primary objective was to assess the association between two frailty scores and mortality within the first year after surgery, by retrospectively linking frailty scores to mortality data and comparing the strength of their association with mortality to that of the ASA Classification. The frailty scales used were: the Modified Frailty Index (MFI) and, the Risk Analysis Index-A (RAI-A) and the G8 screening test (G8). As secondary objectives, we assessed the relationship of the frailty scales with morbidity and compared all the scales with the ASA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 172 patients aged 65 years and older who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer between January 2017 and June 2018, following them up for 1year after surgery. RESULTS: Both morbidity and mortality were significantly associated with all frailty scale scores (p<.001). The more frailty, the greater probability of prolonged hospital stay, complications, readmissions and emergency department visits. Using each scale, patients were categorized into two groups (frail and non-frail patients). The C-indexes for 1-year mortality with the RAI-A and, MFI and G8 were 0.89 and, 0.86 and 0.86 respectively. On the other hand, ASA status is not strongly associated with mortality, with a C-index of .63. DISCUSSION: Frailty scores should begin to influence medical and surgical strategies and further research is needed to develop guidelines for interventions in geriatric patients.

La evaluación de la fragilidad ha venido para quedarse: Estudio piloto retrospectivo de dos escalas de fragilidad en ancianos oncológicos intervenidos de cirugía colorrectal / Frailty assessment has come to stay: Retrospective analysis pilot study of two frailty scales in oncological older patients undergoing colorectal surgery

Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal es una enfermedad que habitualmente aparece en ancianos y su principal tratamiento continúa siendo quirúrgico. La fragilidad es síndrome clínico que se caracteriza por presentar una disminución de la reserva fisiológica, aumenta con la edad y ha sido reconocido como un factor predictivo de mortalidad postoperatoria. Nuestro objetivo primario ha sido evaluar la asociación entre dos escalas de fragilidad y la mortalidad a un año después de la cirugía, y comparando la fuerza de su asociación del poder predictivo de mortalidad de las escalas de fragilidad y la de la clasificación de la American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA). Las escalas utilizadas fueron: Modified Frailty Index (MFI) y el Risk Analysis Index (RAI-A). Los objetivos secundarios han sido la evaluación de la relación de las escalas de fragilidad con la morbilidad y la comparación de estas con la clasificación ASA en cuanto a predicción de morbilidad. Material y métodos: Analizamos retrospectivamente 172 pacientes mayores de 65 años que fueron intervenidos de cirugía oncológica colorrectal laparoscópica desde enero de 2017 hasta junio de 2018 con un seguimiento de un año posterior a la cirugía. Resultados: La fragilidad esta significativamente asociada a la mortalidad y morbilidad (p < 0,001). A más fragilidad, mayor probabilidad de estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones, reingresos y visitas a urgencias. Los pacientes fueron categorizados en dos grupos (pacientes frágiles y no frágiles). Los C-index de la predicción a mortalidad a un año obtenidos con el RAI-A y el MFI fueron 0,89 y 0,86, respectivamente. Por otro lado, la clasificación ASA no se relaciona con mortalidad, su C-index fue del 0,63. Discusión: Las escalas de fragilidad deberían empezar a influenciar las intervenciones médicas y quirúrgicas, y se deberían implementar guías y protocolos que tuviesen en cuenta el grado de fragilidad de los pacientes geriátricos.(AU)

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a disease of the elderly and its main treatment is surgery. Frailty, a clinical syndrome of decreased reserve, increases with age and has been recognized as a predictive factor for postoperative mortality. Our primary objective was to assess the association between twohree frailty scores and mortality. within the first year after surgery, by retrospectively linking frailty scores to mortality data and comparing the strength of their association with mortality to that of the ASA Classification. The frailty scales used were: the Modified Frailty Index (MFI) and, the Risk Analysis Index-A (RAI-A) and the G8 screening test (G8). As secondary objectives, we assessed the relationship of the frailty scales with morbidity and compared all the scales with the ASA. Material and methods: We retrospectively studied 172 patients aged 65 years. and older who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer between January 2017 and June 2018, following them up for 1 year after surgery. Results: Both morbidity and mortality were significantly associated with all frailty scale scores (p < 0.001). The more frailty, the greater probability of prolonged hospital stay, complications, readmissions and emergency department visits. Using each scale, patients were categorized into two groups (frail and non-frail patients). The C-indexes for 1-year mortality with the RAI-A and, MFI and G8 were 0.89 and, 0.86 and 0.86 respectively. On the other hand, ASA status is not strongly associated with mortality, with a C-index of 0.63. Discussion: Frailty scores should begin to influence medical and surgical strategies and further research is needed to develop guidelines for interventions in geriatric patients.(AU)

Botriomicosis muscular en el recto anterior del abdomen: hallazgos radiológicos / Muscular botryomycosis in the rectus abdominis muscle: imaging findings

La botriomicosis es una rara infección bacteriana granulomatosa crónica y supurativa de la piel y las vísceras. Se clasifica en 2 grupos: la forma cutánea, que puede producir afectación ósea y muscular por contigüidad, como parece probable en este caso, y la forma visceral.Se presenta un caso de botriomicosis muscular en el recto anterior del abdomen en un paciente con antecedente de intervención quirúrgica sobre la pared abdominal. Se interpretó como una tumoración neoplásica de partes blandas y el paciente fue sometido a resección quirúrgica con resultado de botriomicosis muscular. Se describen la presentación clínica y las características radiológicas (AU)

Botryomycosis is a rare chronic suppurative granulomatous bacterial infection of the skin and viscera. It is classified into 2 groups: the visceral type and the cutaneous type, which can lead to involvement of contiguous muscle and bone, as appears probable in this case.We present a rare case of muscular botryomycosis in the rectus abdominis muscle in a patient with a history of abdominal wall surgery. Botryomycosis was initially mistaken for a soft-tissue tumor; after surgical resection it was diagnosed as muscular botryomycosis. We describe the clinical presentation and the imaging characteristics of this rare entity (AU)

[Muscular botryomycosis in the rectus abdominis muscle: imaging findings]. / Botriomicosis muscular en el recto anterior del abdomen: hallazgos radiológicos.

Botryomycosis is a rare chronic suppurative granulomatous bacterial infection of the skin and viscera. It is classified into 2 groups: the visceral type and the cutaneous type, which can lead to involvement of contiguous muscle and bone, as appears probable in this case. We present a rare case of muscular botryomycosis in the rectus abdominis muscle in a patient with a history of abdominal wall surgery. Botryomycosis was initially mistaken for a soft-tissue tumor; after surgical resection it was diagnosed as muscular botryomycosis. We describe the clinical presentation and the imaging characteristics of this rare entity.

Endarterectomía ilíaca: una técnica en peligro de extinción / Iliac endarterectomy: A technique in danger of extincion

Introducción. La tromboendarterectomía ilíaca ha sido desplazada primero por los bypass y, posteriormente,por las técnicas endovasculares. Objetivo. Revisar los resultados a corto y largo plazo de la tromboendarterectomía retrógraday abierta, y su indicación terapéutica actual. Pacientes y métodos. Incluimos todos los pacientes con patologíaoclusiva del sector ilíaco, independientemente de la afectación fémoropopliteodistal. Recogimos el sexo, la edad, los factoresde riesgo cardiovascular y la comorbilidad. Clasificamos a los pacientes en grupo I: tromboendarterectomía retrógrada,y grupo II: tromboendarterectomía abierta. De cada procedimiento analizamos la indicación quirúrgica, la clasificaciónde la lesión oclusiva ilíaca según la clasificación TASC II, la sutura arterial, la asociación con revascularizacióninfrainguinal y el número de reintervenciones. Analizamos la permeabilidad primaria, primaria-asistida, secundaria y elsalvamento de la extremidad de la serie completa y de cada grupo. Resultados. Intervinimos 101 pacientes con una edadmedia de 61 ± 10,6 años (38-86). El seguimiento medio fue de 87,2 ± 61,1 meses. Las permeabilidades de la serie completafueron: primaria: al mes, año, 5 y 10 años 93,6, 84, 72,2 y 68,2%; primaria-asistida: 99, 92,9, 88,4 y 71,8%; secundaria:99, 94,2, 90,2 y 84,4%. El salvamento de la extremidad fue del 96,3, 90,6, 85,6 y 81,9% y la supervivencia del 98,2,90,6, 73,5 y 47,9%. Al comparar ambos procedimientos observamos que el grupo I estaba constituido por pacientes deedad más avanzada (p = 0,048) y las lesiones tratadas según la clasificación TASC II eran menos complejas (p < 0,001).Conclusiones. La endarterectomía ilíaca presenta buenas permeabilidades tardías y de salvamento de la extremidad, quepueden constituir un buen recurso terapéutico en pacientes seleccionados(AU)

Introduction. Iliac thromboendarterectomies have been largely replaced, first, by bypasses and, later, by endovasculartechniques. Aim. To review short- and long-term outcomes of retrograde and open thromboendarterectomies,and the current therapeutic indication of these techniques. Patients and methods. We include all patients with anocclusive pathology of the iliac sector, regardless of femoral-popliteal-distal involvement. Data collected included sex,age, cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidity. Patients were classified into group I: retrograde thromboendarterectomy,and group II: open thromboendarterectomy. For each procedure, we analysed the surgical indication, the classificationof the iliac occlusive lesion according to the TASC II classification, the arterial suturing, the association withinfrainguinal revascularisation and the number of reinterventions. We also analysed the primary, assisted-primary andsecondary patency and limb salvage of the complete series and in each group. Results. Surgery was performed on 101patients, whose mean age was 61 ± 10.6 years (38-86). The mean follow-up time was 87.2 ± 61.1 months. The patenciesof the complete series were: primary: at one month, one year, 5 and 10 years 93.6, 84, 72.2, 68.2%; assisted-primary:99, 92.9, 88.4 and 71.8%; secondary: 99, 94.2, 90.2 and 84.4%. Limb salvage was 96.3, 90.6, 85.6 and 81.9%, andsurvival rate was 98.2, 90.6, 73.5 and 47.9%. On comparing the two procedures, it was observed that group I was madeup of patients of a more advanced age (p = 0.048) and the lesions treated, according to the TASC II classification, wereless complex (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Iliac endarterectomy offers good late patencies and limb salvage rates, and canconstitute a good therapeutic resource in selected patients(AU)

[Prognostic value of nuclear DNA of 106 colorectal tumors, determined with microspectrocytophotometry]. / Valor pronóstico del ADN nuclear de 106 tumores colorrectales, medido por microespectrocitofotometría.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to look for correlations between nuclear DNA content of colo-rectal tumors, and such clinical parameters as age, sex, location, CEA, histological grade and Duke's stages. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A prospective study is carried out on surgical patients, subjected to standard criteria of radicality. Nuclear DNA content was quantified in tumoral cells by microcytophotometric techniques. PATIENTS: 106 patients with colo-rectal cancer. Patients with colonic perforation, other concomitant neoplasia, non-curative surgery or receiving adjuvant therapies were excluded from the study. Five patients died during the postoperative period and one was lost. RESULTS: Histological grade: 28% G1, 35% G2 and 37% G3. Dukes': 8% A, 40% B, 32% C and 20% D. DNA quantification has rendered 45% as euploid and 55% as aneuploid. There was no statistical correlation between ploidy and location, age, sex or CEA. However, there is a clear preponderance of euploid tumors in G1 (23 vs. 5), while the aneuploid tumors double the euploid ones (24 and 25 vs. 12 and 12) in G2 and G3. A similar result was found comparing ploidy and Dukes: euploid tumors reach 77% both in stages A and B, while they drop to 24% and 14% in stages C and D. It has also been found that euploid tumors show a longer period of survival free of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence has been found supporting a prognostic value for tumoral DNA quantification in colo-rectal cancer. A longer follow-up is required to study absolute survival of the patients.

[Effect of body weight and acute mesenteric ischemia duration on the mortality of rats subjected to intestinal revascularization]. / Influencia del peso corporal y del período de isquemia mesentérica aguda en la mortalidad de ratas sometidas a revascularización intestinal.

We have studied the influence of corporal weight and acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) duration on the mortality and average survival of rats submitted to intestinal revascularization. The results demonstrated that mortality is under 50% when the AMI is equal or less than 2 hours. There are also important differences in mortality, for the same AMI duration, depending on the corporal weight and age of the animals. The differences are statistically significant up to 210 g. In conclusion, in experimental studies on intestinal ischemia-revascularization, it is necessary to correct for factors as ischemia duration and weight, which are variables that can alter the results.